I think you trapped yourself into a call with how you played this hand, I know I would struggle to find the fold in real time as played, but there are some key pieces that should probably lead to a fold in this specific case.
Your large preflop open got a lot of callers. If it's normally 1-2 callers at a smaller size this makes me want to believe your opponents have stronger hands, like pairs, suited Broadways, and Broadway Aces. Some players may also be uncomfortable raising a strong pair such as JJ or QQ vs your larger sizing and a larger field because they may be pot commiting with a raise and don't want to stack off if you 4 bet.
On the flop I would never be checking. You have top top in a very multiway situation with a flush draw available. You can get value from worse. The nut flush draw is likely a dominated Ace that may pay off even when they miss. You can easily fold if a heart comes in vs 4 players because they will almost always have you beat in this configuration. If you get raised on the flop you narrow ranges down to a set or nut flush draw and determine if you're getting the right price.
Checking doesn't eliminate any of your opponents' range. After the preflop raiser and another player check, the 2x pot jam I don't even think becomes polar in this configuration vs a capable player. It could be a set, it could be nut flush draw that doesn't like their kicker (AT, AJ) it could be a combo draw like JT or 78, it could be AQ or AK, it could be JJ or TT trying to steal. I think I'm probably calling a lot as played because the deception plan worked, but I think you were hoping to check raise or check call a smaller size. I would bet to get more info, because I can bet fold here sometimes, and using a smaller preflop size might have also revealed more info about the opponents hand strengths.
